FULL PAPERS
No. | Paper ID | Submitting Authors | Title of Paper | Country | Status of Acceptance |
1 | 5 | XAVIER, GUYOT | HIGH PERFORMANCE ASPHALT FOR AIRFIELD PAVEMENT | Thailand | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
2 | 7 | JIAN-SHIUN, CHEN | EFFECT OF SHEAR RATE ON MIXING AND COMPACTION TEMPERATURES FOR POLYMER-MODIFIED BITUMEN | Taiwan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
3 | 8 | AINALEM, NEGA | PAVEMENT MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION | Australia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
4 | 10 | YU-MIN, SU | ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF DENSE-GRADED ASPHALT CONCRETE CONTAINING BASIC OXYGEN FURNACE SLAG | Taiwan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
5 | 11 | ADITYA, DAS | COMPARISON OF LOW-TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE OF VIRGIN AND POLYMER MODIFIED ASPHALT MASTICS CONTAINING BASALT AND HYDRATED LIME FILLERS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
6 | 12 | JIANG-GANG, WANG | EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED LOW STRENGTH MATERIALS CONTAINING RED BRICK CONSTRUCTION WASTE BASED ON MECHANICAL EXPERIMENTS AND BP NEURAL NETWORK | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
7 | 13 | MIN-CHIH, LIAO | CHARACTERIZATION OF RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CRUMB RUBBER MODIFIED ASPHALT | Taiwan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
8 | 14 | ANDREA, CARLESSI | PERFORMANCE-BASED MATERIALS TESTING AND PAVEMENT DESIGN ADVANTAGES, CURRENT PRACTICE AND FUTURE GOALS | Italy | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
9 | 16 | AYE NANDAR, WIN MAUNG | EFFECTS OF CONSTRUCTION TIME ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CEMENT TREATED BASE | Singapore | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
10 | 17 | YANG PIN KELVIN, LEE | EVALUATION OF HOT MIX ASPHALT WITH PLASTIC WASTE | Singapore | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
11 | 18 | MANG, TIA | MIX DESIGNS FOR RAP CONCRETE FOR FLORIDA CONCRETE TEST ROAD | United State | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
12 | 19 | RAJAN, CHOUDARY | USE OF ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE MONOMER (EPDM) RUBBER WASTE IN ASPHALT BINDER MODIFICATION | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
13 | 20 | MAHABIR, PANDA | UTILISATION OF WASTE MATERIALS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF BITUMINOUS MIX PERFORMANCES | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
14 | 23 | JIANZHONG, PEI | CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF SOLAR FUNCTIONAL PAVEMENT WITH WIRELESS CHARGING | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
15 | 25 | RUI, LI | STUDY ON PROPERTIES AND MECHANISM OF DIFFERENT REINFORCED MODIFIED ASPHALTS BASED ON COMPOSITE THEORY | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
16 | 26 | HIROKI, IMAI | EFFECT OF ANTI-STRIPPING AGENT WITH BIPOLARITY TO STRIP-RAVELLING DAMAGE CAUSED BY SURFACE SHEAR STRESS | Japan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
17 | 27 | QILIN, FU | RESEARCH ON WATER STABILITY OF OPEN-GRADED LARGE STONE ASPHALT MIXES | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
18 | 28 | KHALIL, AL-BUKHAITI | USING CRUMB OF TIRES IN HOT ASPHALT MIXTURE AS A PART OF AGGREGATE | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
19 | 29 | XIAO, QIN | MECHANICAL AND SHRINKAGE PROPERTIES OF PAVEMENT CONCRETES INTERNALLY CURED BY SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
20 | 30 | XIAOLONG, SUN | EVALUATING METHOD OF THERMAL STABILITY FOR PAVEMENT FUNCTIONAL COATINGS | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
21 | 31 | XUEYING, ZHAO | INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF ASPHALT PAVEMENT IN LONG AND STEEP SECTION IN MOUNTAINOUS AREA | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
22 | 33 | RIPUNJOY, GOGOI | REGRESSION MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF LONGITUDINAL CRACKING OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
23 | 36 | JIANZHONG, PEI | STUDY ON FABRICATION AND ENERGY HARVESTING OF PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
24 | 37 | YANG, WU | A NEW MATERIAL EXPLORATION: ALKALI-ACTIVATED STONE-SAWING MUD MECHANISM AND PERFORMANCE STUDY | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
25 | 38 | PAYMAN, PIRZADEH | BLENDING BETWEEN AGED AND VIRGIN ASPHALT BINDERS IN RECYCLED PAVEMENTS: A REVIEW STUDY | Canada | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
26 |
39 | BAGUS HARIO, SETIADJI | THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN TIDAL INUNDATION ON THE DURABILITY OF ASPHALT MIXTURE | Indonesia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
27 | 40 | R.K.T.K, RANAWAKA | SAFETY EVALUATION OF LOW VOLUME ROADS | Sri Lanka | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
28 | 44 | RUI, LI | EFFECT OF COARSE AGGREGATE GENES ON ITS PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
29 | 45 | SHINYA, YOKOTA | EVALUATING THE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF ASPHALT MIXTURES IN CYCLIC TORSIONAL SHEAR TEST | Japan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
30 | 46 | Rajapakshe Pathirannehelage Piyumee Kaushalya Premarathne | PREDICTION OF UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CEMENT STABILIZED PAVEMENT MATERIALS | Sri Lanka | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
31 | 47 | OSANDA MANUPRIYA, MUTHUTHEWA | INVESTIGATION OF A CORRELATION OF THE PARAMETERS AFFECTING TO INTERFACE BONDING OF BITUMINOUS PAVEMENT LAYERS | Sri Lanka | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
32 | 48 | YITAO, LI | THICKNESS DESIGN METHOD OF CEMENT STABILIZED GRAVEL BASE COURSE FOR SINGLE-DECKED PAVING | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
33 | 49 | CHANGLV, YANG | A CEMENT CONCRETE SLAB THICKNESS INSPECTION APPROACH BASED ON ULTRASONIC ARRAY LINEAR DETECTING TECHNOLOGY | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
34 | 50 | SZETAN, TEOH | THE EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTING FAST SET CONCRETE IN REPARATION OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT | Singapore | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
35 | 51 | ZENGYI, WANG | EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON WEETTING DEFORMATION OF GRANITE RESIDUAL SOIL | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
36 | 54 | KANG-WON, LEE | COLD RECYCLED ASPHALT MIXTURE TREATED WITH PORTLAND CEMENT IN KOREA | United State | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
37 | 56 | SARMAD FARAJ ISMAEL, AL-HUMAIRI | SUSTAINABLE PAVEMENT: A REVIEW ON THE USAGE OF PAVEMENT AS MITIGATION STRATEGY FOR UHI | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
38 | 58 | YIREN, SUN | AN IMAGE-BASED MULTISCALE FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR ANALYZING TOP-DOWN FATIGUE CRACKING MECHANISMS IN ASPHALT PAVEMENT | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
39 | 60 | VINAMRA, MISHRA | INVESTIGATION ON EFFECTS OF AGGREGATE ROUGHNESS ON BOND STRENGTH OF AGGREGATE-BITUMEN SYSTEMS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
40 | 66 | YU-MING ZHOU | RESEARCH ON CONTRACTION STRESS OF CONTINUOUSLY REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENT | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
41 | 67 | LOKESH, GUPTA | LABORATORY STUDIES TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF RECRON FIBER ON SOIL SUBGRADE CHARACTERISTICS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
42 | 68 | KANG-WON, LEE | BALANCED MIX DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE PAVEMENT WITH WARM MIX ASPHALT | United State | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
43 | 70 | KAZUYA, TOMIYAMA | FIELD EXPERIMENT FOR ACCURACY VERIFICATION OF THE DEVICES MEASURING INTERNATIONAL ROUGHNESS INDEX IN TRUE PROJECT: FIVE YEARS REPORT | Japan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
44 | 71 | KAZUMASA, KAWAMURA | A STUDY ON LONG-TERM SERVICEABILITY OF PAVEMENT IN TOMEI EXPRESSWAY | Japan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
45 | 72 | SUJIT KUMAR, PRADHAN | PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURE WITH HIGH PERCENTAGES OF RAP CONTENT USING MAHUA OIL AS A REJUVENATOR | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
46 | 73 | JIAN, OUYANG | EFFECT OF SUPERPLASTICIZER AND WETTING AGENT ON THE STRENGTH AND VOID CONTENT OF COLD RECYCLED BITUMEN MIXTURE |
China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
47 | 74 | SYRINE, CHABCHOUB | DAMAGED ELASTO-VISCO-PLASTIC MODEL TO PREDICT FATIGUE RESPONSE OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURES | Canada | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
48 | 75 | SHAMSUNI, SALLEH | PERFORMANCE OF RALUMAC MICRO SURFACING AT BLACKSPORT, LATAR HIGHWAY | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
49 | 76 | JUN, LI | DYNAMIC VISCOSITY STANDARD OF HIGH VISCOSITY MODIFIED ASPHALT CONSIDERING TEMPERATURE AND LOAD COUPLING EFFECT | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
50 | 78 | MINGLIANG, LI | PERFORMANCE STUDY AND APPLICATION OF PORUS ULTRA-THIN WEARING COURSE FOR ASPHALT PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
51 | 79 | BHUPENDRA, SINGH | EFFECT OF POLYMER AND WARM MIX MODIFICATION ON THE ASPHALT MIXTURE PROPERTIES | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
52 | 80 | SUZIELAH, RAHMAD | THE IMPACT EVALUATION OF WARM MIX ADDITIVES ON PMB'S ADHESION BEHAVIOUR USING SESSILE DROP DEVICE AND ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
53 | 81 | ANIMESH, DAS | BLENDING OF RAPM SAMPLE OF VARIED AGE WITH VIRGIN BINDER : A STUDY USING FTIR SPECTROSCOPY | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
54 | 83 | JUN, LI | ANALYSIS ON DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF PAVEMENT STRUCTURE WITH DIFFERENT SPEED | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
55 | 85 | ANIMESH, DAS | CHARACTERIZATION OF PAVEMENT SURFACE UNDULATIONS USING SECTIONAL FRONT VIEW IMAGES | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
56 | 86 | VINCENT, GUWE | INNOVATIVE BITUMEN TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE AIR QUALITY | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
57 | 87 | LILI, HAN | APPLICATION OF ASPHALT RUBBER CAPE SEAL AS ASPHALT PAVEMENT SURFACE FOR REHABILITATED TRUNK HIGHWAY IN EAST GANSU | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
58 | 89 | KARS, DRENTH | LCMS-2 BASED 3D PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEYS | Singapore | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
59 | 90 | JAYVANT, CHOUDHARY | INFLUENCE OF FILLERS ON THE INDIRECT TENSILE STIFFNESS AND FATIGUE LIVES OF ASPHALT MIXES | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
60 | 91 | SOURABH, JAIN | DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR URBAN CORRIDOR | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
61 | 92 | CHUNCHENG, ZHAO | RESEARCH ON TEMPERATURE WARPING OF AIRFIELD JOINTED CONCRETE PAVEMENT SLAB | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
62 | 93 | MANPREET, SETHI | HIGHLY MODIFIED ASPHALT (HiMA): A HEAVY DUTY ASPHALT SOLUTION FOR PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
63 | 94 | ARCHANA, M R | EQUIPMENT NOISE ATTENUATION FOR PAVEMENT LAYERS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
64 | 96 | DR. YOGESH, SHAH | APPLICATION OF PROGRAMME ANALYSIS IN HDM-4 FOR LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS OF PUNE URBAN MUNICIPAL ROADS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
65 | 97 | SHIRAN, JAYAKODY | ASSESSMENT OF RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATES (RCA) WITH RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT (RAP) MATERIALS FOR PAVEMENT APPLICATIONS | Sri Lanka | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
66 | 98 | BORISLAV, HRISTOV | STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS IN GERMANY | Germany | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
67 | 99 | THOMAS, SCHINKINGER | VIALIT ASPHALT - WORLD'S FIRST ULTRA LOW TEMPERATURE ASPHALT | Austria | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
68 | 101 | SURYA KANT, SAHDEO | A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE PAVEMENT INCORPORATING WASTE MATERIALS: A REVIEW | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
69 | 103 | KUMARI, MONU | EFFECT OF RAP ON PERFORMANCE OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS: A REVIEW | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
70 | 104 | FILIPPO, MONTANELLI | NEW APPROACH TO GREENED AND SUSTAINABLE POLYMER MODIFIED ASPHALT ROADS AND AIRFIELD | Italy | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
71 | 105 | SK SOHEL, ISLAM | FEASIBILITY STUDY OF LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE MODIFIED BITUMINOUS MIX IN DBM LAYER OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
72 | 107 | MAJID, ZAGAR | NON-DESTRUCTIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF ASPHALT LABORATORY SAMPLES | Australia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
73 | 108 | SUMIT, NANDI | UTILIZATION OF JAROSITE IN PRECAST CONCRETE PAVER BLOCKS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
74 | 109 | ANKIT, SHARMA | DESIGN MIXTURE OF RAP-HMA PAVEMENTS: A REVIEW | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
75 | 111 | PINKI, MEENA | AN EVALUATION OF COLD MIX ASPHALT : A REVIEW | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
76 | 112 | GARY, CHAI | THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PAVEMENT DEFLECTION SLOPES FROM TRAFFIC SPEED DEFLECTOMETER | Australia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
77 | 113 | JIA-RUEY, CHANG | THE EFFECT OF REPLACING FINE AGGREGATES WITH OXIDIZING SLAG ON ASPHALT FILM THICKNESS | Taiwan | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
78 | 115 | JAESOON, CHOI | SELECTION OF THE DISASTER PREVENTION ROAD CONSIDERING EARTHQUAKE RISK | South Korea | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
79 | 116 | ASHISH, WALIA | REVIEWING METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF DIELETRIC CONSTANT REQUIRED TO CALIBRATE GPR STUDY FOR ASPHALT LAYERS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
80 | 117 | ARCHANA, M R | SIMPLIFIED FRAMEWORK FOR OPTIMAL MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OF HIGHWAY NETWORKS | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
81 | 118 | YAZEED, MALHAS | ESTABLISHING STRESS BOUNDARIES FOR VARIOUS LOADING AND PAVEMENT CONFIGURATION | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
82 | A001 | XU-DONG ZHA | DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURE MODEL OF HOLLOW SLAB FOR PAVEMENT BASED ON LIGHT-GUIDE CONCRETE | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
83 | A002 | QIU-MING XIAO | CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND TREATMENT EFFECTS OF ROADMESH REINFORCEMENT IN JOINT SECTION BETWEEN NEW AND EXISTING ASPHALT PAVEMENT | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
84 | A004 | S. HAN | A MOTORIZED LOW-SPEED FRICTION TESTER FOR NETWORK LEVEL PAVEMENT SKID RESISTANCE MONITORING | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
85 | A005 | L. CHU | PREDICTION OF TEMPERATURE COOLING TREND OF ASPHALT MIXTURES | China | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
86 | A006 | RAJA NUR NASHRAH RAJA NORMA SALIM | OPTIMISATION OF THE USE OF RECLAIMED CONCRETE MATERIAL (RCM) AS AGGREGATE FOR LOW TO MEDIUM TRAFFIC INTENSITY | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
87 | A007 | ANWAAR HAZOOR ANSARI | A REVIEW ON THE APPLICATION OF NATURAL RUBBER AS ASPHALT MODIFIER | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
88 | A008 | NURUL FARAHLISA BAGDAD | APPLICATION OF NATURAL RUBBER LATEX AS MODIFIER ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BITUMEN AND GAP-GRADED MIXTURE | Malaysia | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
89 | A009 | JUJHAAR SINGH | EFFECT OF MODIFIED ALKYL-AMIDOPOLOAMINE AND FUEL OIL AS REJUVENATORS ON RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT (RAP) MIXTURE PERFORMANCE | Singapore | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
90 | A010 | AJAYSHANKAR JAGADEESH | TEXTURE EVALUATION OF PERVIOUS PAVEMENTS USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY | Singapore | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
91 | A013 | SASANKA BHUSHAN PULIPATI | MOTORCYCLE TRAVEL SAFETY AUDIT | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
92 | A014 | SHANMUGAPRIYA, T | USE OF NON-METALLIC POWDER RECLAIMED FROM WASTE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS IN RIGID CONCRETE PAVEMENT | India | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
93 | A015 | KAI HUANG | CALIBRATION OF MECHANICS-BASED PAVEMENT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN FRAMEWORK FOR CRACKING PERFORMANCE USING FAILURE-CURVES AND RELIABILITY METHODOLOGIES | United State | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
94 | A020 | PRAWIT PAOTONG | RESEARCH OF SOIL CEMENT ROADS IN THAILAND | Thailand | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
95 | A021 | CHANG-JEONG CHOI |
DEFORMATION RESISTANCE AND IMPACT ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FLEXIBLE SAND ASPHALT MIXTURE FOR SIDEWALK PAVEMENT |
Korea | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
96 | A022 | YEONGSAM KIMI | EFFECTS OF ANTI-STRIP ADDITIVES ON OXICATION OF POLYMER-MODIFIED ASPHALT DUE TO SHORT TERM AGING | Korea | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
97 | A023 | GAILAN ISMAT SAFA ELDEEN | Improve Recycled Concrete Aggregate properties in Order to Use It in Paving Application as Aggregate | Iraq | ACCEPTED FOR ORAL PRESENTATION |
Kemaskini Terakhir : Thu, 04 Jul 2019 (ar_shahrizal)